Friday, August 1, 2008

Wal-Mart Warns Against Unions

We live in a country where – in spite of what we’d like to think – employees are mistreated. Worker satisfaction among Americans is at an all-time low and is dropping even further with each successive survey. What is really unfortunate about this situation is some executives have gotten so blatant about it that they actually think it is good business practice to mistreat workers.

On page 1 of the August 1 Wall Street Journal is an article about Wal-Mart’s warnings about what will happen if Barack Obama wins the presidential election. According to the article, Wal-Mart human resource managers are holding meetings with store managers to warn them that a Democratic win in November will mean changes in federal law to make it easier for workers to unionize. In a bizarre twist to the message, though, company management is claiming that employees would be forced to join unions and pay dues while getting nothing in return. So they’re not concerned about what unions would do to stop the company from taking advantage of workers – as they’ve been doing for many years - they’re merely looking out for the welfare of their employees.

Whenever there is talk of unionizing within a company, cries of socialism, work stoppages, and higher costs are thrown around. And to be fair, there have been times in this country’s history when unions have taken advantage of their power sending companies – and entire industries – to ruin. What many people don’t understand, though, is that unions only exist because of poor treatment of workers by managers. If workers are satisfied with their jobs, feel fairly compensated, and trust management, they have no need to unionize.

In Wal-Mart’s case, the company has had years of accusations and charges of unfair labor practices – which is just as destructive to the company as union strife (one actually causes the other). Wal-Mart management is not known for respecting workers – and this move is strengthening that perspective even further. According to a person who attended one of the Wal-Mart meetings, the person running the meeting said, “I am not telling you how to vote, but if the Democrats win, this bill will pass and you won’t have a vote on whether you want a union.” It is really amazing how little respect company managers have for the intelligence of their workforce.

Wal-Mart has long followed several practices that lead to destruction, and it is only a matter of time before the company enters the same death spiral that has plagued so many other American institutions. It’s a question of leadership and always acting in a way that is best for all of the company’s stakeholders (which, believe it or not, includes workers). Undervaluing employees, squeezing suppliers, and losing sight of the fundamental purpose of the company are all practices that break down the company’s ability to survive.

As long as the market remains strong, the company can appear to be successful with no sign of breakdown. It’s when something external occurs that the weakened immune system becomes evident.

I led a company in the past that had been unionized for many years. Although I had no intention of eliminating the union, I did want to improve the relationship with workers so they did not feel they needed the union to make things better. By walking around the operation to talk with people and inviting the union representative into our planning meetings, a level of trust between workers and managers began to develop.

As a result, worker morale improved along with productivity, quality, and our financial results. Besides the financial success, the company became a more satisfying place to work.

It’s time we stop wasting our energy on fighting against workers and start realizing the potential value they bring to the company. By allowing workers to take pride in their jobs, there will be no need for workers to unionize or managers to waste money on misinformation campaigns to tell people how to vote. In the end, we will all win.

Thursday, July 24, 2008

The American Auto Industry Does It Again

Here we go again. General Motors announces further plant closings and layoffs. It makes one wonder how much longer this can go on. Eventually, GM executives will run out of plants to close and people to fire and have to look in the mirror at the true cause of the problems they face.

A manager’s ultimate responsibility is to build the health of the organization so that it can withstand the external pressures that cause decline. Just like people, organizations have an immune system. A weakened immune system may go unnoticed as long as there are no external influences or stressors that can cause disease or decline. Organizations and people with compromised immune systems may even feel strong and healthy as long as the environment is friendly. Once exposure to an external event or stressor occurs, however, disease sets in and decline begins. At this point, drastic measures need to be taken (e.g., layoffs/plant closings for an organization or surgery/chemotherapy for a person) to attempt to stop the decline. It is during times like these that people realize how much easier – and enjoyable – it is to work on improving health than fighting disease.

General Motors and Ford claim that legacy costs and an unexpected shift in demand to fuel efficient cars are the causes of their problems. After all, both were fat and happy a few short years ago when they ignored the market signs and raked in huge profits from SUVs and trucks.

Things have gotten to the point where Toyota is also facing declining sales in the U.S. market. A first for Toyota, they are responding by closing down their truck and SUV factories for three months in an effort to reduce the inventory of large, slow-moving vehicles. The difference? Toyota is NOT laying off any of the 4400 employees affected by the closing. Instead, they are keeping workers on the payroll and using the time for productivity, safety, and quality training.

Imagine the loyalty that Toyota is gaining from its workforce by taking this action. This gives the workers the feeling that they are just as much a part of the company as management. Do you think GM and Ford workers that remain after the layoffs and plant closings feel the same way? Do you think that Ford and GM executives care what the workers think?

An executive who continues to layoff workers because of economic problems is like the captain who runs into rough seas and throws crew members off the ship. Isn’t this the type of leadership we used to see in stories about pirates?

It’s no secret why Toyota continues to improve and innovate in its manufacturing process while Ford and GM continue to . . . well, be Ford and GM.